Caravaggio, whose real name was Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio, was an Italian painter who lived during the late 16th and early 17th centuries. He is considered one of the most influential figures in the history of Western art and is known for his innovative use of light and shadow, intense realism, and dramatic compositions.

Caravaggio was born on September 29, 1571, in Milan, Italy. Not much is known about his early life, but it is believed that he trained as an apprentice under various artists in Milan and possibly Venice before moving to Rome around 1592.

In Rome, Caravaggio's artistic career began to flourish. He developed a distinct style characterized by his use of chiaroscuro, the technique of using strong contrasts between light and dark. This technique added depth and drama to his paintings and became a hallmark of his work. Caravaggio's subjects were often religious in nature, and he was known for his ability to portray biblical scenes and saints with a sense of realism and human emotion.

Caravaggio's paintings were controversial during his lifetime due to their unconventional style and subject matter. He often depicted religious figures with a gritty realism, using ordinary people as models and incorporating elements of everyday life into his works. This departure from the idealized and stylized representations of the time sparked both admiration and criticism.

Some of Caravaggio's most famous works include "The Calling of Saint Matthew," "The Conversion of Saint Paul," "The Crucifixion of Saint Peter," and "The Beheading of Saint John the Baptist." His paintings were highly sought after, and he received numerous commissions from influential patrons, including members of the clergy and wealthy Italian families.

Caravaggio's personal life was marked by a volatile temperament and a string of legal troubles. He was involved in several violent incidents, including a fatal brawl that led to his exile from Rome in 1606. He spent the remaining years of his life moving from city to city in Italy, seeking patronage and evading the authorities.

Caravaggio's influence on the art world cannot be overstated. His innovative use of light and shadow, known as tenebrism, had a profound impact on subsequent generations of artists, and his realistic approach to painting paved the way for the Baroque style. His works continue to be celebrated for their emotional power and technical mastery, and he is regarded as one of the greatest painters in Western art history.

Caravaggio died on July 18, 1610, under mysterious circumstances in Porto Ercole, Tuscany, at the age of 38. Despite his untimely death, his legacy endures, and his paintings are exhibited in museums and galleries worldwide, attracting admirers and scholars alike.

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