African Nationalism Wikipedia Audio Article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
African nationalism

00:00:47 1 History
00:03:24 2 Tribalism and ethnic nationalism
00:03:53 3 Women in African nationalism
00:05:56 3.1 Women in national organisations
00:07:49 3.2 Women as national leaders
00:08:52 3.3 Women and Informal Methods of Protest
00:10:54 4 By country
00:11:03 4.1 Gambia
00:12:05 5 See also

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SUMMARY
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African nationalism is an umbrella term which refers to a group of political ideologies, mainly within Sub-Saharan Africa, which are based on the idea of national self-determination and the creation of nation states. The ideology emerged under European colonial rule during the 19th and 20th centuries and was loosely inspired by nationalist ideas from Europe. Originally, African nationalism was based on demands for self-determination and played an important role in forcing the process of decolonisation of Africa (c. 1957–66). However, the term refers to a broad range of different ideological and political movements and should not be confused with Pan-Africanism which may seek the federation of several or all nation states in Africa.